Apple

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Owned	USA
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Consumer electronics

Founded in 1976. Today Apple is the world's largest IT company. Products include iPod, iPhone, iPad, Mac, iTunes, Apple TV.

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Company Assessment

PRAISE	CRITICISM	INFORMATION
Apple Inc
A rating at ClickClean.org Greenpeace's 2017 report 'Clicking Clean' looks at the energy footprints of large data centre operators and popular websites and applications, and calls on these companies to power their data centres on renewable energy. Companies are graded (A,B,C,D,F) on their commitment to and procurement of renewable energy, as well as energy efficiency, transparency and advocacy. This company's final grade was A. [Source 2017][More on Climate Change] CDP Climate A List In 2018, the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) asked companies to provide data about their efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change risk. Responding companies are scored across four key areas: disclosure; awareness; management; and leadership. This company received a CDP Climate Change Score of A. [Source 2018][More on Climate Change] Green Power Partner This company is listed on the EPA Green Power Partnership website (USA), as using renewable energy for 100% of its organisation-wide electricity use in the USA. [Source 2016][More on Climate Change] Conflict Minerals Ranking In November 2017 the Enough Project published Demand the Supply, which ranked consumer electronics and jewelry retail companies on their efforts to develop conflict-free minerals supply chains from Congo. Companies were ranked on reporting; sourcing conflict-free minerals from Congo; supporting the artisanal mining communities in Eastern Congo; and conflict-free minerals advocacy. This company received the highest overall score. [Source 2017][More on Human Rights] 71/100 in KnowTheChain Benchmark In 2018 KnowTheChain benchmarked 120 large global companies in the ICT, Food & Beverage, and Apparel & Footwear sectors on their efforts to address forced labour and human trafficking in their supply chains. This company received a score of 71/100. [Source 2018][More on Workers Rights] Toxic chemicals ranking In 2018 the Mind the Store campaign ranked 41 major US retailers on their efforts to eliminate toxic chemicals from consumer products. This company received a grade of A+. [Source 2018][More on Product Safety] Conflict minerals rating As You Sow's 2018 report, Mining the Disclosures, is a deep analysis of 206 companies' human rights performance in relation to sourcing conflict minerals from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This company's score was above 80% (Leading). [Source 2018][More on Human Rights] B- in Guide to Greener Electronics This company received a grade of B- in the Greenpeace Guide to Greener Electronics (Oct 2017), which assesses companies from the electronics industry across three impact areas: energy use, resource consumption, and chemical elimination. Of the 17 companies ranked, this company came second. [Source 2017][More on Climate Change] Child labour in gold mining This 2016 scorecard by SOMO compares electronics companies on their policies and efforts regarding responsible mining and the elimination of child labour, with special attention to the mining of gold. This company is above industry standard on 5 out of 7 criteria. [Source 2016][More on Human Rights] B+ grade at Behind the Barcode B+ grade in the Baptist World Aid Australia's Behind the Barcode 'Ethical Electronics Guide 2016', which grades companies on their efforts to mitigate the risks of forced labour, child labour and worker exploitation throughout their supply chains. Assessment criteria fall into four main categories: policies, traceability & transparency, monitoring & training and worker rights. [Source 2016][More on Workers Rights] Tin sourcing Milieudefensie and Friends of the Earth have assessed how open manufacturers of smartphones, tablets, laptops and game consoles are about the use of materials, water, land surface area and greenhouse gas emissions. Assessment also covered whether manufacturers are honest about the use of tin from Indonesia and whether they are prepared to address the abuses in the tin mines on Bangka in Indonesia, such as by participating in the IDH project (Sustainable Trade Initiative). This company received a 'green' rating, indicating they provide ample information on the use of raw materials and is helping to improve the situation in the tin mines on Bangka Belitung. [Source 2015][More on Human Rights] Cobalt battery supply chain A 2017 report by Amnesty International, 'Time to Recharge' ranks major electronics and car companies on how much they have improved their cobalt sourcing practices since January 2016. The report found that while a handful of companies have made progress, many are still not doing enough to stop human rights abuses entering their cobalt supply chains, even though their products could be linked to child labour in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This company was rated 'adequate action taken'. [Source 2017][More on Human Rights] 100% on Corporate Equality Index This company is listed as having best practice on a report card on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender equality in corporate America. [Source 2019][More on Workers Rights] Progress on eliminating toxics Greenpeace's 2014 report, Green Gadgets, compares companies on their efforts to eliminate hazardous chemicals from their electronics products. This company has met commitment to phase out PVC and BFRs and has all products free from these substances. [Source 2014][More on Product Safety] 71.5% in Newsweek Green Ranking 2017 This company received a score of 71.5/100 in the Newsweek Green Ranking 2017, which ranks the world's largest publicly traded companies on eight indicators covering energy, greenhouse gases, water, waste, fines and penalties, linking executive pay to sustainability targets, board-level committee oversight of environmental issues and third-party audits. Ranking methodology by Corporate Knights and HIP Investor. [Source 2017][More on Sustainability Reporting]	Poisoned workers in China The 2017 documentary 'Complicit' reveals how Chinese workers making Apple consumer electronics are exposed to poisonous chemicals, in particular cleaning solutions containing benzene. The landmark investigation led Apple to ban the use of benzene, a known carcinogen, and n-hexane, a chemical that damages the nervous system. But the ban does not apply to subcontractors who make up two-thirds of Apple's supply chain. [Source 2018][More on Workers Rights] Involvement with Burma This company appears on Burma Campaign UK's 'Dirty List' of companies assisting the Burmese military to continue to commit human rights violations and environmental destruction. The Apple App Store carries applications for Burmese military-owned companies, including Mytel. [Source 2019][More on Human Rights] Workers rights in China This 2014 report by China Labour Watch (CLW) investigates working conditions at a Chinese factory supplying to Apple. The report reveals many labour violations in this factory, including long hours, excessive overtime, dangerous working conditions, low wages, and underpaid workers. CLW investigated the same factory 16 months earlier, and conditions worsened during that time. [Source 2014][More on Workers Rights] Tax avoidance in Europe In 2016 Apple was ordered to pay back the Irish state up to 13bn euros in back taxes after the European commission ruled that a sweetheart tax deal between Apple and the Irish tax authorities amounted to illegal state aid. The commission said the deal allowed Apple to pay a maximum tax rate of just 1%. In 2014, the tech firm paid tax at just 0.005%. The usual rate of corporation tax in Ireland is 12.5%. [Source 2016][More on Finance] 18/100 SAM Rank This company received a SAM Rank of 18/100 in the Computers & Peripherals and Office Electronics category of the 2018 SAM Corporate Sustainability Assessment. The index is based on an analysis of corporate economic, environmental and social performance, assessing issues such as corporate governance, risk management, environmental reporting, climate strategy, human rights and labour practices. [Source 2018][More on Sustainability Reporting] Child labour scorecard This website by German NGO Earth Link rates companies on their corporate policies against child labour, production monitoring and accusations of child labour. This company received at least one red mark, indicating poor performance in one or more of these areas. [Source 2013][More on Human Rights] Repairability of devices In 2017 engineers from ifixit.com disassembled and analysed a range of smartphones, tablets and laptops, awarding each a repairability score between one and ten. Ten is the easiest to repair. A device with a perfect score will be relatively inexpensive to repair because it is easy to disassemble and has a service manual available. Points are docked based on the difficulty of opening the device, the types of fasteners found inside, and the complexity involved in replacing major components. Points are awarded for upgradability, use of non-proprietary tools for servicing, and component modularity. Products by this company scored between 1 and 8 points. [Source 2017][More on Product Safety] Copyright violations in China In 2013 a Chinese court fined Apple US$160,400 over a copyright infringement, saying the company sold pirated electronic books via its App Store. Under the court ruling, Apple must pay compensation to eight Chinese writers and two companies for violating their copyright. Apple also paid 60 million yuan (US$9.62m) in 2013 to a China's Proview Technology, to settle a dispute over the iPad trademark in China. [Source 2013][More on Governance] Price fixing in USA In July 2014 Apple agreed to pay up to US$450m in its conditional settlement over allegations that the company conspired with several big publishers to fix e-book prices. This is conditional on the result of Apple's pending appeal in the Federal Appeals Court of the 2013 ruling by a New York Federal judge that Apple had violated anti-trust laws. [Source 2014][More on Governance] Wage fixing This company was one of four companies that agreed to pay a total of US$324m to settle a class action lawsuit accusing them of conspiring to hold down salaries in Silicon Valley by agreeing not to recruit or poach employees from each other. However in Aug 2014 a US court rejected this settlement on the basis that more than 60,000 top-level workers were affected, saying that the amount should be larger. The final amount is yet to be decided. [Source 2014][More on Finance] Tax avoidance This company scores Ethical Consumer's worst rating for the likely use of tax avoidance strategies, and has at least two high risk subsidiaries in tax havens. [Source 2018][More on Finance]	Workers rights in China Biel Crystal supplies 60% of the world's touchscreen cover glasses, including 60% of Apple products' cover glasses. This SACOM 2013 investigative report discovered serious labour rights abuses in Biel Crystal's Chinese factories including excessive working hours, military-style management, worker suicides and blank work contracts. Moreover, Biel Crystal's Shenzhen factory has been fined by the Shenzhen municipal government for 3 continuous years of polluting the environment. [Listed under Information due to age of report] [Source 2013][More on Workers Rights] Workers rights at Foxconn in China In this 2012 investigative report SACOM revisited Foxconn's plants in Zhengzhou, China, whose sole product is the iPhone. Workers are still facing deplorably harsh working conditions including excessive overtime, unpaid overtime, meager wages, inadequate training and protection for workers, arbitrary relocation of workforce, crackdown on strikes, and inhumane management practices. [Listed under information due to age of report] [Source 2012][More on Workers Rights] Workers rights in China This 2012 report by China Labour Watch investigates ten Chinese factories supplying to Apple. The report reveals many labour violations in these factories, including long hours, excessive overtime, dangerous working conditions, low wages, and underpaid workers. [Listed under Information due to age of report] [Source 2012][More on Workers Rights] Chemical poisoning of workers The Poisonous Pearl is a 2016 report by Good Electronics which focuses on the experiences of (former) workers in the electronics industry in China who are victims of chemical poisoning. The health of all the workers in the report was damaged by exposure to hazardous chemicals such as benzene and n-hexane. All were working in large or small factories in the Pearl River Delta-region of China, an area well known as being a global hub for the production of consumer electronics (ICT). This company is supplied by factories in the region. [Source 2016][More on Workers Rights] Plastics Commitment signatory This company is a signatory to the New Plastics Economy Global Commitment, whose goal is to eliminate plastic pollution at its source. [Source 2019][More on Oceans] Climate action commitments As listed on the We Mean Business website, this company has committed to the following climate action initiatives: commit to 100% renewable power. [Source 2017][More on Climate Change] PPA Participant This company is a participant in the Public-Private Alliance for Responsible Minerals Trade (PPA), a multi-sector and multi-stakeholder initiative to support supply chain solutions to conflict minerals challenges in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the Great Lakes Region (GLR) of Central Africa. The PPA provides funding and coordination support to organizations working within the region to develop verifiable conflict-free supply chains; align chain-of-custody programs and practices; encourage responsible sourcing from the region; promote transparency; and bolster in-region civil society and governmental capacity. [Source 2019][More on Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives] Responsible Business Alliance member This company is a member of the Responsible Business Alliance (formerly the Electronic Industry Citizenship Coalition), a non-profit coalition of electronics companies which supports the rights and wellbeing of workers and communities worldwide affected by the global electronics supply chain. RBA members commit and are held accountable to a common Code of Conduct and utilize a range of RBA training and assessment tools to support continuous improvement in the social, environmental and ethical responsibility of their supply chains. [Source 2017][More on Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives] Circular Economy 100 member This company is a member of the Circular Economy 100 (CE100) Network, a multi-stakeholder platform run by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation. The CE100 is the world's leading circular economy network, and facilitates market making by providing collaborative and pre-competitive opportunities which bring together business, innovators, cities and governments, universities, and thought leaders. [Source 2019][More on Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives] GC3 member (Green Chemistry) This company is a member of the Green Chemistry and Commerce Council (GC3), a business-to-business forum that advances the application of green chemistry and design for environment across supply chains. It provides an open forum for cross-sectoral collaboration to share information and experiences about the challenges to and opportunities for safer chemicals and products. [Source 2019][More on Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives] Responsible Minerals Initiative member This company is a member of the Responsible Minerals Initiative (formerly the Conflict-Free Sourcing Initiative), which helps companies address conflict minerals issues in their supply chains. The RMI provides information on conflict-free smelters and refiners, common tools to gather sourcing information, and forums for exchanging best practices on addressing conflict minerals. Membership is open to companies that use or transact in tantalum, tin, tungsten or gold (3TG). Founded in 2008 by members of the Electronic Industry Citizenship Coalition and the Global e-Sustainability Initiative. [Source 2019][More on Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives] Environmental responsibility claims This company has environmental responsibility claims on its website in the areas of climate change, toxins and finite resources. [Source 2014][More on Sustainability Reporting] US recycling report card The Electronics TakeBack Coalition's Recycling Report Card evaluates takeback and recycling programs for computer, TV, printer and game console companies. The report card focuses on the programs available to consumers in the US, and relies on publicly available information, as of Sept 2010. This company received a grade of C+ for its recycling efforts in the USA. [Source 2010][More on Habitats] FLA investigation of Foxconn A 2012 audit of Foxconn performed by the Fair Labor Association at the request of Apple Inc. found excessive overtime and problems with overtime compensation; several health and safety risks; and crucial communication gaps that have led to a widespread sense of unsafe working conditions among workers. [Source 2012][More on Workers Rights] Modern Slavery statement California, the UK and Australia have all enacted legislation requiring companies operating within their borders to disclose their efforts to eradicate modern slavery from their operations and supply chains. Follow the link to see this company's disclosure statement. [Source 2017][More on Human Rights] Human Rights Benchmark The 2019 Corporate Human Rights Benchmark assessed 200 of the largest publicly traded companies in the world from the Agricultural Products, Apparel, Extractives and ICT Manufacturing sectors on 100 human rights indicators. This company's score was in the 30-40 band range. The overall average score was a disappointing 24%. [Source 2019][More on Human Rights] 'C' rating at rankabrand.org Rank a Brand searches the websites of brands for the answers to carefully targeted questions. From this they calculate sustainability scores based on the themes of environment, climate, labor issues, and transparency. Brands owned by this company received a 'C'. [Source 2016][More on Sustainability Reporting] Criticism of Apple Inc - Wikipedia Apple has received much criticism for the use of sweatshop labor, environmental destruction, and unethical business practices as a result of the method they undertake to produce electronics. See an extensive list of criticisms on Wikipedia by following the link below. [Source 2014] OpenSecrets.org profile OpenSecrets.org tracks the influence of money on U.S. politics, and how that money affects policy and citizens' lives. Follow link to see this company's record of political donations, lobbying, outside spending and more. [Source 2014]

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Apple's Broken Promises, 4 Corners
2nd Mar 2015 — Apple is the most valuable brand on the planet, making products that consumers love to buy. But how does this company treat its workers, when the world isn't looking? The BBC's Panorama program goes undercover inside the factory in China that makes the big-selling Apple iPhone 6. There we see the price paid by Chinese workers on the production line. But it isn't just the factories that turn out the products that create questionable conditions for health and safety. Reporter Richard Bilton goes to Indonesia to see the abysmal conditions of miners and their children working to gather tin used in electronic products. APPLE'S BROKEN PROMISES, reported by Richard Bilton and presented by Kerry O'Brien, goes to air on Monday 2nd March at 8.30pm on ABC. It is replayed on Tuesday 3rd March at 10.00am and Wednesday 4th March at midnight. It can also be seen on ABC News 24 on Saturday at 8.00pm and ABC iview. (This program is very relevant with 'Shop Ethical's Guide to Electronics' to be released in March 2015).   [source]